J Arthroplasty. 2024 Aug 21:S0883-5403(24)008416. doi:10.1016/j.arth.2024.08.018.Online ahead of print.

Benjamin C Schaffler ¹, Matthew T Kingery ¹, Akram A Habibi ¹, Utkarsh Anil ¹, Charles Lin ¹, Ran Schwarzkopf ²

Author information

¹Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Health, 301 E 17th St, New York, NY, 10003, USA.

²Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Health, 301 E 17th St, New York, NY, 10003, USA. Electronic address: Ran.Schwarzkopf@nyulangone.org.

Abstract

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can have orthopaedic manifestations related to decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. The impact of IBD-spectrum diseases, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), on the overall performance of total hip arthroplasty (THA), is not well understood. The present study sought to evaluate whether patients who have IBD were at increased risk of THA failure compared to those who did not have IBD.

Methods: The Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) was used to compare postoperative outcomes between patients who have IBD (CD and UC) and patients who do not have IBD from 2010 to 2020. A total of 119,094 patients were included in the study, of whom 1,165 had a diagnosis of IBD. Overall, 501 of those had CD, while 664 had UC.

Results: When controlling for comorbidities, patients who had CD had longer hospital length of stay (CD: 3.6 +/- 2.5 versus UC: 3.4 +/- 2.1 versus control: 3.2 +/- 2.3 days, P < 0.001), higher rates of 90-day readmission (CD: 13.6 versus UC: 8.3 versus control: 7.7%, P < 0.001) and 1-year readmission (CD: 20.4 versus UC: 15.1 versus control: 12.8%, P < 0.001), and higher rates of 90-day emergency room visits (CD: 15.4 versus UC: 12 versus control: 11.1%, P = 0.007). There were no differences in all-cause revision or revision for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) between CD and UC compared with control patients.

Conclusions: Patients who have UC had more emergency room visits and hospital readmissions following THA, however, survival analysis demonstrated that IBD patients are not at increased risk of revision or PJI after THA.