Prim Care. 2023 Sep;50(3):411-427. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2023.03.009.Epub 2023 May 10.

Lia Pierson Bruner ¹, Anna Marie White ², Siobhan Proksell ³

Author information

¹Augusta University/University of Georgia Medical Partnership, UGA Health Sciences Campus, Russell Hall, Room 235K, 1425 Prince Avenue, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Electronic address: lia.bruner@uga.edu.

²University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Shadyside Hospital, North Tower, Room 307, 5230 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.

³Division of Digestive Health and Liver Disease, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1120 Northwest 14th Street, CRB, Room 1184, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

Abstract

Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, the predominant forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), occur in approximately 1% of the population and are typically characterized by chronic diarrhea (with or without bleeding), abdominal pain, and weight loss. The diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and endoscopic evaluation. Extraintestinal manifestations may coincide with or precede IBD diagnosis. Treatments have markedly advanced in the past decade, resulting in improved outcomes. IBD, itself, as well as immunosuppressive therapy can increase rates of certain conditions, making collaboration between primary care and gastroenterology imperative for ensuring comprehensive patient care.