Nutrients. 2023 Jul 12;15(14):3114. doi: 10.3390/nu15143114.

Victor Serrano Fernandez ^1 2, Marta Seldas Palomino ², José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera ^1 3, Diana Patricia Pozuelo-Carrascosa ^3 4, Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres ^1 3

Author information

¹Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.

²Hospital Universitario de Toledo, 45007 Toledo, Spain.

³Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.

⁴Facultad de Enfermería de Cuenca, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain.

Abstract

Crohn's disease (CD) is a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). CD is a health problem in Western countries such as the US and European nations and is an idiopathic disease; however, certain cases of CD have been associated with intestinal dysbiosis. A systematic review with a meta-analysis was carried out to determine the efficacy of a diet rich in fiber with or without cointervention to improve remission rates for CD. The literature in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials databases was reviewed. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scale. This review was conducted in accordance with the structure outlined in the PRISMA statement. In addition, a meta-analysis was performed with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a random effects model. Eleven studies were included, totaling 2389 patients with CD. Applying a diet rich in fiber with or without the administration of routine therapies improved CD remission rates. Data regarding CD activity, remission time, and adverse effects derived from fiber consumption were analyzed. Consumption of fiber in the diet could improve remission rates for CD patients who receive or do not receive other treatment to maintain remission.