J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021 Apr 6;1-8. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1903421.Online ahead of print.

Abdullah Alnoman ^1 2, Ahmad M Badeghiesh ^1 2, Haitham A Baghlaf ^3 4, Michael H Dahan ⁵

Author information

• ¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
• ²Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
• ³Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
• ⁴Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
• ⁵Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, MUHC Reproductive Center, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the associations between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes, using a population database cohort.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis utilizing the Health Care Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample database over 11 years from 2004 to 2014. A delivery cohort was created using ICD-9 codes. ICD-9 code 564.1 was used to extract the cases of IBS. Pregnant women with IBS (study group) were compared to pregnant women without IBS (control). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to adjust for statistically significant variables (pvalue <.05).

Results: There were a total of 9,096,788 deliveries during the study period. Of those, 8962 pregnant women were found to have IBS. The prevalence of IBS increased from 47.96 to 172.68 per 100,000 women during the study period. Compared to the control group, women with IBS were more likely to be Caucasian, older, have higher incomes and private insurance plans (p < .0001, in all cases). In addition, they were more likely to be obese, smokers, hypertensive, IVF pregnancies, have multiple gestations, thyroid disorders, chronic interstitial cystitis, fibromyalgia and have psychiatric disorders (p < .0001 in all cases). Women with IBS were more likely to experience pregnancy-induced hypertension (aOR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.21), preeclampsia (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.09-1.38), deep venous thrombosis (aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.12-4.57), and gestational diabetes (aOR 1.1, 95% CI 1.002-1.22) compared to the non-IBS group. Congenital anomalies were encountered in 1.7% of the IBS group compared to 0.4% in the control group (aOR 2.57, 95% CI 2.13-3.09).

Conclusion: When controlling for confounding effects, IBS is associated with an increased risk for preeclampsia, DVT and increased risk for congenital malformation.